Rehearsal of QTP in 1 Hr: Interview Questions 131-140
While appearing in an interview for a position on HP QuickTest Professional, do a quick rehearsal of your knowledge on this tool.
Here is a collection of 180 short questions, QTP Managers commonly use while interviewing new aspirants for their organization.
The entire rehearsal of these questions can take less than an hour.
Set of Ten Questions
Q. 131: How to Merge Object repositories?
QTP Plus setup provides Repositories Merge Utility.
The Object Repository Merge Utility enables user to merge Object repository files into a single Object repository file.
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Q. 132: Global Data sheet is having one record and Local Data sheet is having two records, how many times the test executes by default?
The test executes once
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Q. 133: Can you do more than just capture and playback in QTP?
We can do dynamic capturing the objects during runtime in which no recording, no playback and no use of repository is done at all.
It can be done by the windows scripting using the DOM(Document Object Model) provided by windows.
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Q. 134: How do you find the number of columns in database table?
Answer -1: Fields.Count or Get the array size of the Record Set object. i.e. upper limit.
Answer -2: Use GetParameterCount method of DTSheet object
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Q. 135: How can we write scripts without having GUI (meaning thereby you don’t have any GUI and you want to write a script in QTP)?
We can do it by descriptive programming
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Q. 136: What is the descriptive programming? & What is its use?
QTP uses its object repository to refer to objects present in your test and which have been recorded. If you wish to use objects that were not recorded and are not present in your object repository then we use descriptive programming.
Here QTP does not refer to object repository but the property name and value are mentioned in the code itself for QTP to use it
For e.g. this is not Desc. prog. Browser(“Mercury Tours”).Page(“Mercury Tours”).WebEdit(“username”) This is desc prog. Browser(“Title:=Mercury Tours”).Page(“Title:=Mercury Tours”).WebEdit(“Name:=Author”, “Index:=3”).Set “Mark Twain”
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Q. 137: Explain the need to use analog recording in QTP?
This mode records exact mouse and Key Board operations you perform in relation to the screen / Application Window. This mode is useful for the operation, which you can record at Object Level, such as drawing a picture, recording signature.
The steps recorded using Analog Mode is saved in separated data file, QTP add to your Test a Run Analog File statement that calls the recorded analog File.
This file is stored with your action in which these Analog Steps are created.
The Step recorded in Analog mode can not be edited within QTP.
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Q. 138: Can you explain Descriptive programming with some illustration in QTP?
Whenever QTP records any action on any object of an application, it adds some description on how to recognize that object to a repository of objects called object repository. QTP cannot take action on an object until unless its object description is in the Object Repository. But descriptive programming provides a way to perform action on objects that are not in Object repository
Object Identification: To identify an object during the play back of the scripts QTP stores some properties which helps QTP to uniquely identify the object on a page. Below screen shots shows an example Object repository.
Now to recognize a radio button on a page QTP had added 2 properties the name of the radio button and the html tag for it. The name the left tree view is the logical name given by QTP for the object. This can be changed as per the convenience of the person writing the test case. QTP only allows Unique logical name under same level of hierarchy.
The two objects in Browser->Page node are “WebTable” and “testPath”, they cannot have the same logical name. But an object under some other node can have the same name. Now with the current repository that we have, we can only write operation on objects which are in the repository.
Some of the example operations are as under
Browser(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).WebRadioGroup (“testPath”).Select “2”
cellData = Browser(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).WebTable (“WebTable”).GetCellData (1,1)
Browser(“Example2”).Page(“Page”).WebEdit(“testPath”).Set “Test text”
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Q. 139: When and why do we use descriptive programming?
Following are some of the situations when Descriptive Programming can be considered useful:
The objects in the application are dynamic in nature and need special handling to identify the object.
The best example would be of clicking a link, which changes according to the user of the application, Ex. “Logout <>”.
When object repository is getting huge in size due to the no. of objects being added. If the size of Object repository increases too much then it decreases the performance of QTP while recognizing a object.
When you don�t want to use object repository at all. Then the first question would be why not use the object repository?
Consider the following scenario, which would help understand why not use the Object repository
Scenario 1: Suppose we have a web application that has not been developed yet. Now QTP for recording the script and adding the objects to repository needs the application to be up, that would mean waiting for the application to be deployed before we can start of with making QTP scripts. But if we know the descriptions of the objects that will be created then we can still start off with the script writing for testing
Scenario 2: Suppose an application has 3 navigation buttons on each and every page. Let the buttons be “Cancel”, “Back” and “Next”. Now recording action on these buttons would add 3 objects per page in the repository. For a 10 page flow this would mean 30 objects which could have been represented just by using 3 objects. So instead of adding these 30 objects to the repository we can just write 3 descriptions for the object and use it on any page.
Modification to a test case is needed but the Object repository for the same is Read only or in shared mode i.e. changes may affect other scripts as well.
When you want to take action on similar type of object i.e. suppose we have 20 textboxes on the page and there names are in the form txt_1, txt_2, txt_3 and so on. Now adding all 20 the Object repository would not be a good programming approach.
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Q. 140: How can we use descriptive programming?
You can try to remember the maximum portion of the following useful content related to DP that can be shared with the interviewer, in case a situation arise.
There are two ways in which descriptive programming can be used
1) By creating properties collection object for the description.
2) By giving the description in form of the string arguments.
By creating properties collection object for the description: To use this method firstly you need to create an empty description.
Dim obj_Desc �Not necessary to declare
Set obj_Desc = Description.Create
Now we have a blank description in “obj_Desc”. Each description has 3-properties “Name”, “Value” and “Regular Expression”.
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT”
When you use a property name for the first time the property is added to the collection and when you use it again the property is modified. By default each property that is defined is a regular expression.
Suppose we have the following description
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT
” obj_Desc(“name”).value= “txt.*”
This would mean an object with html tag as INPUT and name starting with txt. Now actually that “.*” was considered as regular expression.
Hence if you want the property “name” not to be recognized as a regular expression then you need to set the “regularexpression” property as FALSE
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT”
obj_Desc(“name”).value= “txt.*”
obj_Desc(“name”).regularexpression= “txt.*”
This is how of we create a description. Now in the following way we can use it
Browser(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).WebEdit(obj_Desc).set “Test”
When we say .WebEdit(obj_Desc) we define one more property for our description that was not earlier defined that is it�s a text box (because QTPs WebEdit boxes map to text boxes in a web page).
If we know that we have more than 1-element with same description on the page then we must define “index” property for the that description
Consider the HTML code given below
INPUT type=”textbox” name=”txt_Name”
INPUT type=”textbox” name=”txt_Name”
Now the html code has two objects with same description. So distinguish between these 2 objects we will use the “index” property. Here is the description for both the object
For 1st textbox:
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT”
obj_Desc(“name”).value= “txt_Name
” obj_Desc(“index”).value= “0”
For 2nd textbox:
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT”
obj_Desc(“name”).value= “txt_Name”
obj_Desc(“index”).value= “1”
Consider the HTML Code given below:
INPUT type=”textbox” name=”txt_Name”
INPUT type=”radio” name=”txt_Name”
We can use the same description for both the objects and still distinguish between both of them
obj_Desc(“html tag”).value= “INPUT”
obj_Desc(“name”).value= “txt_Name”
When I want to refer to the textbox then I will use the inside a WebEdit object and to refer to the radio button I will use the description object with the WebRadioGroup object.
Browser(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).WebEdit(obj_Desc).set “Test” �Refers to the text box
Browser(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).WebRadioGroup(obj_Desc).set “Test” �Refers to the radio button
But if we use WebElement object for the description then we must define the “index” property because for a webelement the current description would return two objects.
Hierarchy of test description:
When using programmatic descriptions from a specific point within a test object hierarchy, you must continue to use programmatic descriptions from that point onward within the same statement. If you specify a test object by its object repository name after other objects in the hierarchy have been described using programmatic descriptions, QTP cannot identify the object.
For example, you can use Browser(Desc1).Page(Desc1).Link(desc3), since it uses programmatic descriptions throughout the entire test object hierarchy.
You can also use Browser(“Index”).Page(Desc1).Link(desc3), since it uses programmatic descriptions from a certain point in the description (starting from the Page object description).
However, you cannot use Browser(Desc1).Page(Desc1).Link(“Example1”), since it uses programmatic descriptions for the Browser and Page objects but then attempts to use an object repository name for the Link test object (QTP tries to locate the Link object based on its name, but cannot locate it in the repository because the parent objects were specified using programmatic descriptions).
Getting Child Object:
We can use description object to get all the objects on the page that matches that specific description. Suppose we have to check all the checkboxes present on a web page. So we will first create an object description for a checkbox and then get all the checkboxes from the page
Dim obj_ChkDesc
Set obj_ChkDesc=Description.Create
obj_ChkDesc(“html tag”).value = “INPUT”
obj_ChkDesc(“type”).value = “checkbox”
Dim allCheckboxes, singleCheckBox
Set allCheckboxes = Browse(“Browser”).Page(“Page”).ChildObjects(obj_ChkDesc)
For each singleCheckBox in allCheckboxes
singleCheckBox.Set “ON”
Next
The above code will check all the check boxes present on the page. To get all the child objects we need to specify an object description i.e. we can�t use the string arguments that will be discussed later in the 2nd way of using the programming description.
Possible Operation on Description Object
Consider the following code for all the solutions
Dim obj_ChkDesc
Set obj_ChkDesc=Description.Create
obj_ChkDesc(“html tag”).value = “INPUT”
obj_ChkDesc(“type”).value = “checkbox”
Continue to Next Set of QTP Rehearsal Questions 141 – 150
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